An Introduction to Shoulder Joint Replacement

When it comes to shoulder pain and reduced mobility, many find themselves at a crossroads, struggling to find relief and a return to normalcy. Enter shoulder joint replacement – a medical advancement that has revolutionized the way we address severe shoulder issues.

Whether you’re considering the procedure yourself, supporting a loved one, or simply curious, let’s explore what a shoulder joint replacement is. The article will also look at the various types and what patients can expect from the procedure and recovery.

WHAT IS SHOULDER REPLACEMENT SURGERY?

Shoulder replacement surgery, or arthroplasty, is a medical procedure aimed at relieving pain and restoring function in the shoulder joint.

This surgery involves replacing the damaged parts of the shoulder with artificial components, known as prostheses.

It’s typically considered when shoulder pain and mobility issues are not adequately managed by more conservative treatments like medications and physical therapy. The surgery can address various conditions, including:

  • Osteoarthritis
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Post-traumatic arthritis
  • Severe fractures

The goal is to allow patients to return to their daily activities with improved ease and comfort.

TYPES OF SHOULDER JOINT REPLACEMENTS

The different types of shoulder arthroplasty include:

TOTAL SHOULDER REPLACEMENT

This is the most common type of shoulder replacement. The surgeon will replace the joint with a metal ball that is attached to a stem, and a plastic socket. This mimics the natural anatomy of the shoulder and is ideal for those with bone-on-bone osteoarthritis and intact rotator cuff tendons.

PARTIAL SHOULDER REPLACEMENT

In this procedure, only the ball (the head of the humerus) is replaced. It’s chosen when the humeral head is severely fractured but the socket is in good condition.

This option is less common and is generally reserved for specific conditions like severe shoulder fractures.

REVERSE TOTAL SHOULDER REPLACEMENT

This procedure is designed for cases where conventional total shoulder replacement would be less effective, such as with a completely torn rotator cuff or severe arthritis with a rotator cuff tear.

In this procedure, the ball and socket’s natural positions are reversed:

  • The ball portion is attached to the scapula
  • The socket is on the humerus

This design relies more on the deltoid muscle instead of the rotator cuff to move and stabilize the shoulder.

THE SURGICAL PROCEDURE

The surgical procedure generally goes like this:

1. PREPARATION AND ANESTHESIA

Prior to the surgery, the patient undergoes a detailed medical evaluation. The surgery is performed under general anesthesia or regional anesthesia.

2. MAKING THE INCISION

The surgeon makes an incision over the shoulder to access the joint. The size and location of the incision depend on the specific type of replacement being performed.

3. REMOVING THE DAMAGED JOINT SURFACES

In a total shoulder replacement, the damaged ends of the bones – the humeral head and the inside of the glenoid – are removed. In a partial replacement, only the humeral head is removed.

4. IMPLANTING THE PROSTHESIS

The surgeon then positions and secures the new metal, plastic, or ceramic joint surfaces.

In a total shoulder replacement, both the ball (humeral component) and the socket (glenoid component) are replaced.

For a reverse replacement, the ball is placed where the socket used to be and vice versa.

5. CLOSING THE INCISION

After the prosthesis is in place, the surgeon reattaches the muscles and tendons and closes the incision with stitches or staples.

6. POSTOPERATIVE CARE

Immediately after the surgery, pain management and preventing complications is a priority. The arm may be immobilized in a sling for some time.

Physical therapy usually begins within a day or two after surgery and is crucial for recovery. The rehabilitation program typically includes exercises to improve your range of motion and strengthen the shoulder.

BENEFITS OF SHOULDER JOINT REPLACEMENT

  • Pain Relief: Chronic shoulder pain that impedes daily activities and diminishes quality of life can often be significantly alleviated post-surgery.
  • Improved Mobility and Function: The surgery can restore mobility in a stiff and painful shoulder, making it easier to perform daily activities.
  • Increased Strength: Many patients also experience an increase in shoulder strength, particularly when the surgery addresses conditions like arthritis.
  • Enhanced Quality of Life: With reduced pain and improved mobility, patients often find a significant improvement in their overall quality of life.
  • Long-term Solution: For many patients, shoulder joint replacement offers a long-term solution to their shoulder issues, with prostheses often lasting many years.

JOINT REPLACEMENT IN COLUMBIA, MD

Shoulder joint replacements represent a beacon of hope for those suffering from severe shoulder conditions. This procedure offers a pathway to reduced pain and improved functionality.

Do you need a joint replacement in Baltimore? If so, look no further. You can rely on Orthopaedic Associates of Central Maryland for top-quality orthopedics in Baltimore. Book a visit with us using our online appointment request form or call us today at (410) 644-1880.

We look forward to serving you!